Tag Archives: flocked swab specimens

Sterile Foam Tipped Applicator

Sterile Foam or Flocked Tipped Applicator

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Sterile Foam or Flocked Tipped Applicator

The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia in 2020 on a global scale has brought significant losses to human society. Viral nucleic acid detection plays a key role in epidemic prevention and control.

As the first step in viral nucleic acid detection, specimen collection is an indispensable link.

The amount of virus collected and released by sampling swabs is directly related to the positive rate of nucleic acid detection. As the gold standard, nucleic acid detection plays an important role in virus detection, and the role of swabs as a sample collection tool should not be underestimated. Among them, throat swabs and nasal swabs are most commonly used, and anal swabs are also used as auxiliary tests.

During the epidemic, researchers from various countries analysed and found that the efficiency of flocking nasal swab sampling and the acquisition of virus samples were the best.

At the same time, in order to solve the problem of the shortage of nasal swabs.

Nasal swabs

Nasal swabs

The researchers proposed a combined sampling method of oropharyngeal and nasal swabs to achieve the same effect as nasal swabs.

As the main tool for sampling, swabs have important applications in the fields of forensics, clinical medicine, and environmental testing.

Swabs of different materials, such as rayon, foam, polyurethane, polyester, flocked nylon, etc., will have different structures and performance differences and have different collection effects for different specimens such as protein and nucleic acid, which will affect the detection.

The selection of appropriate swabs according to different sampling samples and testing indicators is very important for testing, and the proper use of swabs is also very important for sample collection and the safety of medical staff.

Flocked Swabs and Custom Swab Manufacturing

ISO13485 quality management system for producing disposable sampling swabs, quality standards, and sterile swabs.

Nylon flocking swabs–small nylon fibres to a moulded plastic rod.

This production process significantly increases the surface area of ​​the nylon swab, which is conducive to the adsorption of bacteria and easy release.

Oral Foam Swabs 104mm (with 22mm breakpoint)

Oral Foam Swabs 104mm (with 22mm breakpoint)

The sponge swab is soft in texture and has numerous tiny pores. It has strong adsorption to liquid, can collect more target analytes, increase the number of samples collected, and can release a large number of samples without defibrillation.

How to elute, etc., which will affect the test results. Many factors can affect the swab sampling results.

 

 

 

 

 

 

The cotton swab used to poke the throat or nose during the nucleic acid test of the new crown should be called an aseptic sampling swab, also called a pharyngeal swab. According to different sampling sites, including nasopharyngeal swabs and oropharyngeal swabs.

The swab is in direct contact with the nasopharynx or oropharynx to absorb the secretion sample, then put the head with the secretion into the culture solution, break the handle through the breakpoint, seal the lid and send it for testing.

Nasopharyngeal Sampling Procedure

Nasopharyngeal Sampling Procedure

In this process, the swab involves two links: sampling and elution (release the collected sample into the culture medium). The choice of different materials will affect the efficiency of sampling and release, and also affect the correctness of PCR detection. There are certain requirements for the material of the sampling swab.

PCR TEST

According to different materials, common swabs can be divided into medical cotton swabs, foam swabs and flocking swabs.

Several reports have shown that the sensitivity of medical cotton swabs in collecting respiratory samples is low, and natural fibres such as cotton have strong adsorption to proteins, which is not conducive to the subsequent release in the culture medium.

Generally, cotton swabs also have wooden handles, which may adsorb proteins during storage and interfere with virus detection. In addition, the wooden handle is too hard to break, and can also cause safety problems when sampling.

The US CDC recommends that the swab head material— synthetic fibres. The use of calcium alginate swabs or swabs with wooden shafts may inactivate certain viruses and reduce Accurate substances.

Flocked Sterile Swabs

Sterile Flocked Nasopharyngeal Swab: a 100% nylon flocked swab that provides exceptional absorption quality.

We produce flocked swabs, VTM kits, virus transport medium, and Specimen Collection Swab with multiple automatic production lines.

Including automatic VTM tube production line, OEM VTM Tube, Flocked Swab Production Line, etc.

We support custom production, OEM and so on, and develop products with customers.

Monkeypox Virus Outbreaks Are Containable

Monkeypox Virus Outbreaks Are Containable

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Monkeypox Virus Outbreaks Are Containable, WHO said available details indicated that human-to-human transmission was occurring among people who had close physical contact with symptomatic cases. The patient’s symptoms were similar to those observed in smallpox patients in the past but were less clinically severe.

These confirmed and suspected cases are mainly from the United Kingdom, Spain and Portugal, with the rest in Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United States.
 The incubation period for monkeypox is usually 6 to 13 days, but it can be between 5 and 21 days.
However, Nick Finn, deputy director of England’s National Infectious Service, stressed that monkeypox does not spread easily from person to person and that the overall risk to the public is low.
An expert from China’s disease control system also told Caijing·Great Health that the spread of monkeypox between people can be said to be very limited, mainly through secretions and other transmissions, and the risk of causing an epidemic is very limited.
How serious is a monkeypox infection?

Before the current outbreak, monkeypox cases scattered in the tropical rainforests of central and western Africa.

Monkeypox Virus VTM Kits

Monkeypox Virus VTM Kits

There are two distinct clades of monkeypox viruses, the Congo Basin clade and the West African clade. Monkeypox, caused by the Congo Basin clade virus, has reported a mortality rate of up to 10.6%; while the West African clade virus, which usually causes less severe disease, has a case fatality rate of 3.6%.
In this outbreak, all cases with samples confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing were determined to be infected with the West African branch, meaning relatively low mortality.
The genome sequence of a swab sample from a confirmed case in Portugal showed that the monkeypox virus responsible for the current outbreak closely matched cases exported from Nigeria to the UK, Israel and Singapore in 2018 and 2019.
Initial symptoms of monkeypox infection include fever, headache, swelling, back pain, muscle aches and general weakness. Infected individuals initially have generalized erythema or rash, which then develops into papules on the trunk, face, palms, and soles, which then develop into cysts, which form pus scars and scabs. Sometimes a bit like chickenpox, the infection lasts 14 to 21 days and usually goes away on its own.
The virus can enter the body through broken skin, the respiratory tract, or through the eyes, nose, or mouth. Evidence suggests that the highest risk of infection is in people who have had close physical contact with a symptomatic monkeypox patient.
Of the first nine cases of monkeypox confirmed in the UK, six had had sex with men.
To date, severe cases are more common in children and immunocompromised people, especially those with HIV, and are related to the degree of exposure to the virus, the patient’s health status, and the severity of complications.
Hans Kruger, WHO Regional Director for Europe, also said: “Monkeypox is usually a self-limiting disease and most infected people recover within a few weeks without treatment. 

How to get out of Africa and into Europe?

Confusingly, monkeypox occurs primarily in the rainforest regions of central and western Africa. For example, the US recorded two cases of monkeypox in 2021 and the UK reported seven cases, all imported to and from Nigeria. travel history.
However, in this outbreak, it is unusual for confirmed and suspected cases reported in several countries without any travel history to monkeypox-endemic areas.
Australia, Canada and the United States are also among the non-endemic countries reporting monkeypox cases. Health authorities in New York City, home of the United Nations, are also investigating a possible case. A patient at a hospital tested positive on May 19, local time.
These cases are atypical, Hans Krueger said. All but one were not related to travel to monkeypox-endemic countries.
WHO believes that there is an urgent need to raise awareness of monkeypox and implement comprehensive measures to detect and isolate cases, trace contacts, and provide supportive care to limit further spread.

How to stop the spread.

“China has not reported any cases of monkeypox, nor has the virus been found in animal hosts. The current focus is on preventing imported cases,” Tan Wenjie, a researcher at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s Institute for Viral Disease Prevention and Control, said in an interview with the media. (Transport medium )
According to the above-mentioned experts of China’s CDC, at present, the measures to prevent the importation of the monkeypox virus are very strict.  Import squirrels, rabbits and other rodents. The possibility of monkeypox being introduced by animals brought by inbound passengers is unlikely and the public need not worry.
Specifically, researchers don’t yet know the animal reservoir of the monkeypox virus.
Since 1970, the monkeypox virus has had sporadic outbreaks in 10 African countries. This is a DNA virus in the genus Orthopoxvirus of the Poxviridae family. In 1958, a group of captive monkeys transported from Africa to Copenhagen, Denmark for scientific research developed the vesicular disease. European scientists isolated the monkeypox virus from monkeys in the laboratory, hence the name “monkeypox virus”.
In 2017, Nigeria experienced its largest outbreak on record. At that time, there were 172 suspected cases, and 75% of the patients were men, aged 21-40. Since then, Nigeria has continued to report monkeypox cases.
 Of these, 241 were confirmed cases, including 8 deaths (case fatality rate 3.3%). From 1 January to 30 April 2022, 46 suspected cases were reported and no deaths were recorded.
In 2003, there was an outbreak in the United States, the first time the disease had emerged outside of Africa. The patient was infected due to close contact with marmots. Marmots were infected by various small mammals imported into the United States. There were 81 cases at the time, but there were no deaths.
The cases of monkeypox infection have emerged in multiple countries, and researchers suspect that transmission may have continued for some time because all but one of these cases were not related to travel to monkeypox-endemic countries and were geographically dispersed in Europe and elsewhere.

Matthew Kavanagh, acting deputy executive director of WHO’s AIDS agency, stressed on May 22 that leaders urgently need to strengthen their pandemic preparedness. Including building stronger community-led capacity and human rights infrastructure to Support an effective and de-stigmatizing response to the outbreak.

The above-mentioned experts in the disease control system explained to Caijing. 

However, the “early detection” of the monkeypox virus is difficult. The above-mentioned experts in the disease control system said that it takes a certain period of time for monkeypox infection to have clinical symptoms and thus be discovered, which is different from the emergence of viral symptoms in respiratory infections.

COVID-19 Swab Test: What you should know

COVID-19 Swab Test: What You Should Know

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An abrupt COVID-19 has brought flocking swabs, nasopharyngeal swabs, oropharyngeal swabs, nucleic acids, antigens, PCR and also other extremely professional terms right into the public eye. Today, CellMedical will certainly offer you preferred scientific research: those aspects of Coronavirus (COVID-19) screening.

What is a flocking swab, nasopharyngeal swab, or oropharyngeal swab?

When nations are executing a new round of nucleic acid screening, a report is spreading out in circles. The basic concept is “the cotton bud used for sampling have reagents on them, which are hazardous”. Some netizens also left a message to the CellMedical firm backstage, saying that after seeing the pertinent reports, the elderly at home shared that they did not want to take part in nucleic acid testing, and also really hoped that the younger generation would additionally attempt not to undertake nucleic acid testing as well as antigen testing.

“The covid test swab is not the same as the cotton swabs used in daily life, but it does not contain reagents, nor is it toxic”. ( Click here to learn more )

What is a flocked swab and why choose flocked oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swabs?

A flocked swab is used because it is more suitable for sampling and testing. The flocking swab(learn more) is made of nylon fiber flocking technology, and the front end is coated with nylon short fibers fixed in a vertical manner, so that there is no absorption hole in the entire collection area of ​​the collection swab. In this way, the collected sample is not dispersed and retained in the fiber, which facilitates faster and more efficient elution. Relevant data show that CellMedical flocked swabs can elute more than 95% of the sample collection volume; traditional cotton swabs, especially those made of absorbent cotton, cannot completely collect and elute samples.

Enlarged view of flocked swab

Enlarged view of flocked swab

Nasopharyngeal swabs – which require a swab inserted into the nose to collect samples from the back of the nose and throat – are the gold standard for collecting samples for diagnosis. But the process is technically difficult, often uncomfortable for patients, and requires personal protective equipment that may be in short supply.

Oropharyngeal swab – the oropharyngeal swab is a method of collecting oropharyngeal specimens by entering the sampling swab through the mouth – compared with a nasopharyngeal swab, it is less difficult, more acceptable to the public, and more universal. 

What exactly is PCR nucleic acid detection?

PCR (Polymerase Domino Effect, polymerase chain reaction) innovation is a wonderful creation, without the creation of PCR modern technology, there would be no modern-day molecular biology. Nucleic acid detection modern technology has likewise entirely transformed several techniques such as genetics, medication, and also forensics, allowing human beings to accomplish significant steps such as hereditary testing, viral infection identification, and also genetic testing.

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Basically, PCR nucleic acid detection: To significantly magnify nucleic acid till it can be identified by equipment detection.  Yet if you increase the size of the nucleic acid, 1 ends up being 2, 2 comes to be 4, and also 4 ends up being 8. Consequently, PCR innovation is a method of amplifying nucleic acid.

After the covid-19 contaminates the human body, it will initially increase in the respiratory system. So it can be determined whether the body is infected by finding the viral nucleic acid in sputum and nasopharyngeal swabs. After a duration of infection, typically 7-10 days later, the body will certainly create specific antibodies versus the virus. IgM antibodies show up initially, adhered to by IgG antibodies. So immunological discovery approaches can identify these specific antibodies to identify whether the human body is carrying the virus.

Will the results from different nucleic acid testing institutions be consistent?

PCR nucleic acid detection has a strict standard procedure. It is the same SOP (Standard Operation Procedure). At the exact same time, all nucleic acid labs, regardless of dimension, must adhere to the same technological demands, and also the design and building of laboratories additionally have uniform specifications. Also, research laboratory screening staff have to go through standard technical training and also acquire a nationally identified task certification before they can work. It resembles KFC’s fried chicken all use the exact same dish. Whether it’s a fast window in the station, a sizable and comfortable dine-in in the town hall, or home delivery, you can constantly eat deep-fried chicken with the exact same preference, do not fret will certainly strike rumbling.

Therefore, no matter which institution we conduct nucleic acid testing, the outcomes need to coincide.

The collection of samplings from different components has different clinical importance. Along with the popular nasal swabs and throat swabs, sputum, blood as well as rectal swabs；

Nasal and throat swabs – upper respiratory tract specimens

Sputum – Lower Respiratory Tract Specimens ( Saliva Collection Kits )

Anal swab – digestive tract specimen

Blood – Antibody Test Specimen

What is the difference between nucleic acid testing and antibody testing?

The distinction between both is a positive nucleic acid shows the presence of viral nucleic acid in the sampling. Which suggests that the infected individual might be infectious. A favourable IgM antibody shows that the patient remains at the beginning of infection. IgG antibodies indicated that the patient had SARS-CoV-2. However, we were unable to determine whether it was transmissible. Compared with antibody detection, PCR nucleic acid discovery is much more sensitive and is additionally the “gold criterion” for laboratory detection.

Therefore, in recent cases, doctors discussed that the patient has symptoms of infection.

What factors may affect COVID-19 nucleic acid test results?

1. Viral load: In summary, when the viral lots are low. False negatives may occur.

2. The coronavirus may alter, which may further impact the accuracy of the test in the future.

3. Testing method: In the recently reported genuine tasting scene, several participants reported that the swab only revolved left and right in the mouth, and it really felt like it was only touching saliva.

However, did not reach the lingual and palatal arc, and the respondents did not have nausea and also reflexes. Sex-related security action, this type of tasting has a high possibility of not gathering exfoliated cells of the respiratory tract, so it is vulnerable to missed discovery, leading to false unfavourable results.

CellMedical VTM Kits Disposable Virus Sampling Tube Manufacturers

CellMedical VTM Kits Disposable Virus Sampling Tube Manufacturers

Cell medical (Dongguan) Co., Ltd., established in 2009, a swabs design/swabs manufacturer, has many years of experience in medical application moulding and flocking treatment heads and swabs. Our flocking swabs are famous for their stable and reliable performance and excellent absorption and elution ability.

We produce flocked swabs, VTM kits, and virus transport medium, with multiple automatic production lines(Including automatic VTM tube production line, OEM VTM Tube, Flocked Swab Production Line, etc).

Combined Throat And Nose Swab

Combined Throat And Nose Swab

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What is the difference between a nasal (Nose) swab and a throat swab for nucleic acid testing

The sampling method and location are different. The accuracy rates of the nucleic acid test ( PCR Test ) nasal swabs and throat swabs are usually similar, and the main difference lies in the sampling method and sampling site. For nasal swabs, nasopharyngeal swabs (flocking swabs) are mainly used to test the secretions from the inside of the nasal cavity and the surface of the nasal mucosa through the nasal cavity;

Throat swabs: Health care workers collect samples in the mouth with oropharyngeal swabs. Health care workers take throat samples for testing to determine whether a patient has the new coronavirus.

Are both throat swabs and nasal(Nose) swabs required?

Let’s talk about throat swabs first.
The “oral sampling” and “nasal sampling” mentioned above are actually test methods in which medical staff use medical swabs to collect samples from the pharynx in nucleic acid testing (PCR).

COVID-19: Will The Pandemic End in 2022?

It is very important to continue swab testing while the pandemic is still ongoing

Whether entering from the nasal cavity or the mouth, the specimens we need to collect are pharyngeal secretions, including sputum. Compared with the oral route, nasal sampling can provide better safety protection for the sampling person. Because oral sampling requires subjects to open their mouths wide, this increases the risk of virus transmission by droplets. However, if it is collected through the nasal cavity, the environment is relatively stable, and the medical staff who operate it will be safer.

What is the difference between a throat swab and a nasopharyngeal swab, which is more accurate?

The main difference between nasal swabs and throat swabs lies in the location and material of the specimens, which are usually as accurate. The throat swab is in the pharynx, and the nasal swab needs to go into the nasal cavity, not the external nasal cavity. It needs to use a longer swab and slowly rotate it to the deep part of the nasal cavity, so the parts of the material are different. Nasal swabs are special, and the material is relatively soft, which is convenient for reaching the deep nasal cavity through the nasal cavity. The process of taking it may take longer than that of throat swabs.

Compared with nasopharyngeal swabs, oropharyngeal swab sampling is sometimes difficult to meet the normative sampling requirements due to irritating reactions, and the actions of eating, drinking and swallowing will reduce the oropharyngeal to a certain extent. The virus enrichment of 2000 may affect the positive detection rate of oropharyngeal swabs.

Which is better, nasal(Nose) swab or throat swab?

No matter which one is adopted, the key lies in the depth of the collection, whether the collection is in place and the length of contact time with the deep mucosa. 

 From the personal experience of the testing population, throat swabs will be less irritating and uncomfortable than nasal swabs.

Flocked Sterile Swabs

Sterile Flocked Swab

Oropharyngeal swab

　　• The operation is relatively simple and less irritating, suitable for large-scale screening.

　　• The sampling staff will guide the subject to open the mouth, and then use a sterile long cotton swab to gently scrape the subject’s throat to collect secretions from both palatine arches, pharynx, and tonsils.

Nasopharyngeal swab

　　• The technical requirements are high, the human body does not feel very comfortable, and the accuracy is higher than that of oropharyngeal swabs. For key groups such as isolation points.

　　• The sampling staff will insert a long sterile cotton swab into the nostril of the subject, and reach the mucous membrane deep in the nasopharyngeal cavity, stay for a few seconds to soak the secretion, and then take it out.

Who is not suitable for nasal swab

What is A Covid-19 NP Swab?

What is A Covid-19 NP Swab?

When collecting nasal swab specimens, the flocked swab ( learn more ) will enter the nasal cavity.  

f the medical staff operates in a standardized manner, it will reduce the irritation to the mucous membranes.

But because we can’t see the sampling position of the pharynx.

It mainly relies on the hands of medical staff to feel the resistance, so the technical requirements of the operator are very high, and the tools used are also more complicated.
The improper operation will cause certain irritation to the nasal mucosa, so it is not recommended for patients with sinusitis and allergic rhinitis to do nasal swabs to avoid damage to the nasal cavity.

How to overcome the discomfort of throat swab

When collecting throat swab specimens, the oropharyngeal flocked swab will cause certain irritation to the pharynx. For some people with the sensitive pharynx, nausea and vomiting may occur.

Recommended to relax before collecting specimens.

Don’t get too nervous. If you feel discomfort in your throat after collection, you need to eat less spicy, irritating and greasy food, drink more water, eat more vegetables and fruits, and arrange rest appropriately. Generally speaking, it does not take long to return to normal.

Experts said that the study found that the nucleic acid-positive duration of feces or anal swabs of some infected people is longer than that of the upper respiratory tract. Increasing anal swab sampling can improve the detection rate and reduce missed diagnosis; but anal swab sampling is not convenient enough, and currently only for isolation. Points and other key groups to use.

 

Flocked Swab Influenza

Flocked Swab Influenza | Comprehensive Flu Swab Test Guide

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Flu Flocked Swab Influenza

Influenza refers to the common cold, which is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the influenza virus.

It is highly contagious and mainly spreads through droplets, such as coughing and sneezing. Influenza generally occurs in winter and spring.

The current influenza detection method is the rapid influenza antigen detection method, which detects “flux A” and “flu B” antigens.

Laboratory staff collect samples through throat swabs.

In fact, in inspection work, it is important to know the quality of the specimen in order to obtain accurate and reliable results.

Throat swab specimens: Professionals can avoid many false-negative influenza tests caused by improper specimen sampling.

The precautions for flu throat swabs are basically the same as those for nucleic acid detection throat swabs. Because the same part is sampled.

There are two types of flu throat swabs: nasopharyngeal swabs and oropharyngeal swabs.

What precautions should I take when taking a throat swab test for flu?

1. Oropharyngeal swab The collection method of the oropharyngeal swab is to let the subject open his mouth, then use a long pharyngeal swab to wipe the patient’s pharynx, bilateral frontal arches and tonsils, and take out the local secretions. Into the catheter of the throat swab and sent to the laboratory for testing.

2. Nasopharyngeal swabs The collection method of nasopharyngeal swabs is to use sterilized throat swabs to penetrate deep into the nasal cavity of the subject and reach the nasopharynx, and extract secretions and nasopharynx by rotating or wiping.

Epithelial cells put a section with secretions and epithelial cells into a sterile container and then carry out pathogenic detection.

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Flu swab material

Swab options for flu testing include flocked swabs, cotton-tipped swabs, rayon tipped swabs, and foam-tipped swabs.

Cotton tip swab:

The original swab tips were all cotton, mainly based on their cleaning power and water absorption. Cotton swabs are very inexpensive and readily available, and are widely used in medical wound management after sterilization with ethylene oxide or autoclaving, as well as in forensic crime scene forensics. In the absence of alternatives, cotton swabs can be used in almost a variety of scenarios.

However, cotton-tipped swabs also have some problems. Due to the low release rate of cotton, natural material for samples, and some of the natural fatty acids in it can damage microorganisms, they are less and less used for sample collection.

Rayon head swab:

Rayon—a synthetic fiber made from wood pulp. Although classified as synthetic fiber, it is essentially a natural material. Compared to cotton, rayon is produced during the process of removing substances that may damage the sample or react with the sample during transportation and handling , so it is generally used for sampling for diagnostic testing.

Polyester Fiber Tip Swabs:

The head material of the polyester fiber swab is made of polyester long fiber winding, which was first introduced into the field of medical testing by DuPont. Polyester fibres are proven for microbial collection, rapid diagnostics, and PCR testing.

Polyester swabs have a high release rate but are more expensive than cotton and rayon swabs.

Foam tip swab:

China Medical Nasal Foam Swab Factory And Manufacturers

China Medical Nasal Foam Swab Factory And Manufacturers

Swabs made from medical-grade polyurethane are an excellent material for diagnostics, especially cell sampling. The swab tip of this swab is usually manufactured as a sheet with a surface hole count of 100ppi (holes per inch).

This material has good absorption of hydrophilic substances and poor absorption of hydrophobic substances. Used in some scenarios that require resistance to chemical corrosion. Also used for DNA and microbial sampling.

Flocked Swabs:

Flocking technology was first developed for cosmetic and industrial production. (Learn more)

After the flocking process was introduced into swab production. It replaced the traditional swab head, and the swab head was brought to a new level.

vtm swab

Due to the flocking process and the multi-branched polyester fibre material used, the flocked swabs have a very high absorption and release rate and are proven to be equally efficient for molecular sampling and absorption. Designated by some institutions for nucleic acid sampling as well as some research areas for genomic analysis.

The evolution of swabs is not limited to changes in materials. New demands in the fields of nursing, testing, and scientific research make swabs continue to evolve in multiple dimensions. The swab also not only acts as an applicator, but also acts as some transport medium.

Precautions include the following:

① Do not drink water before the throat swab test, at least 30 minutes in advance, because drinking water before the test will dilute the virus attached to the pharynx, especially drinking hot water will inhibit the activity of the virus.

In order to improve the accuracy of throat swab nucleic acid detection, do not drink water 15 to 30 minutes before the test to ensure that the throat swab has high accuracy.

②. For patients with good throat exposure, it is not recommended to take too long “ah~” sounds to reduce the risk of occupational exposure to the sampler.

③ To prevent vomiting, do not eat within two hours before the throat swab test.

④. Do not smoke, drink, or chew gum within half an hour before the throat swab test.

During the throat flocked swab sampling, the patient may have clinical symptoms such as nausea or nasopharyngeal discomfort, but the symptoms can subside quickly, so the patient should not be nervous and cooperate actively during the examination. At the same time, the subjects should not smoke, drink, or chew gum within half an hour before the sample collection.

If it is because of the throat swab the child, the parents must soothe the child’s emotions, communicate with the child patiently, and try not to move the child’s head as much as possible.

Disposable Virus Sampling Tube Manufacturers

Disposable Virus Sampling Tube Manufacturers

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What kind of virus sampling tube do you know? Does the following look like what you know? The following is introduced to you by Disposable Virus Sampling Tube Manufacturers — Cell medical (Dongguan) Co., Ltd.

What is Virus Sampling Tube? When should the virus preservation solution be used?

Disposable Virus Sampling Tube Kits

Disposable Virus Sampling Tube Kits

Virus transport medium, virus preservation solution: a protective liquid medium added to the virus sampling tube to protect the samples after nasopharyngeal swab sampling.

Generally, in the process of nucleic acid detection, we cannot directly conduct nucleic acid PCR experiments at the sample collection site.

If we need to check the samples collected by the flocked swab, we need to add the virus preservation solution.

Why use a virus sampling tube?

First of all, we have to understand what is a virus? Why does it need a virus sampling tube?

virus sampling tube

virus sampling tube

What is a virus?

Virus: a non-cellular form composed of nucleic acid molecules and proteins.

It lives on parasitic hosts and is an organic species between living and non-living bodies.

It is one end of DNA or RNA wrapped in a protective shell.

Through the mechanism of infection, these simple organisms can use the host’s cellular system to replicate themselves but are unable to grow and replicate independently.

Viruses can infect almost all living organisms with cellular structures.

Virus detection is different from conventional biochemical detection.

The virus itself is a simple microorganism and must be parasitic in living cells.

After sampling, when the virus leaves the host cell, its protein shell and nucleic acid degrade rapidly in the sampling tube.

So that the nucleic acid During the test, it is impossible to determine whether the initially collected sample contains the virus, which is likely to cause false negatives.

A virus delivery medium (virus sampling tube), a general-purpose sampling product: for sampling various virus samples, chlamydia samples, and ureaplasma samples.

Short-term storage and transportation at 2-8°C, and -80°C refrigerator or liquid nitrogen Long-term preservation in the environment.

1. For monitoring and sampling infectious pathogenic microorganisms by disease control departments and clinical departments.

Suitable for influenza virus (common influenza, highly pathogenic avian influenza, influenza A H1N1 virus, etc.), hand, foot and mouth virus and other types of virus sampling. It is also used for sampling Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Ureaplasma, etc.

2. To transport nasopharyngeal swab specimens or tissue specimens from specific parts from the sampling site to the testing laboratory for extraction and testing.

3. Preserve nasopharyngeal swab samples or tissue samples from specific parts for necessary cell culture.

4. For short-term storage and transportation of virus samples at 2-8°C and long-term storage in a -80°C refrigerators or liquid nitrogen environments.

There are two types of virus preservation solutions: inactivated and non-inactivated

The inactivated virus preservation solution is mainly a virus lysis type preservation solution improved by nucleic acid extraction lysis solution, which is added with a high concentration of lysis salt, which can quickly and efficiently deactivate the virus protein in the sample to be tested and can effectively prevent infection.

At the same time, it also contains an RNase enzyme inhibitor, which can protect virus nucleic acid from degradation.

As long as the subsequent NT-PCR experiment can detect the nucleic acid of the virus, we can diagnose it.

Stored at room temperature for a relatively long time.

The non-inactivated preservation solution is mainly a virus maintenance solution that is improved on the basis of the transport medium.

It can retain the protein coat of the virus and the viral nucleic acid DNA or RNA at the same time so that the virus has the integrity of the protein epitope and nucleic acid in vitro.

Of course, there is also a certain risk of infectivity when the operation is wrong.

It is necessary to keep a strictly low temperature for long-term storage after sampling.

No matter what kind of virus preservation solution it is, we must test it as soon as possible after sampling or keep it strictly at a low temperature to ensure that the detection is accurate.

Due to the rapid reproduction and mutation of the virus, the virus preservation solution plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability of the virus sample.

Manufacturers CellMedical Virus Sampling Tube Kits Advantages

1. Add protein-stabilizing components such as BSA to the sampling solution to reduce the speed of virus decomposition and greatly improve the positive rate of virus isolation.
2. It is stable at room temperature and can keep its activity within 1 year.
3. Gentamicin replaces penicillin to avoid allergic reactions;

4. Using flocked swabs, the sample has a higher collection rate and release rate;
Samples can be stored for a long time (-20 ℃ ordinary refrigerator, -80 ℃ low-temperature refrigerator, -197 ℃ liquid nitrogen);
6. Thickening and anti-leakage design to ensure that the sample does not leak, in line with WHO regulations and biosafety regulations.

Reuse Nasopharyngeal Swabs Disadvantage

Reuse Nasopharyngeal Swabs Disadvantage

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Nasal swabs reused at an Indonesian airport? What are the dangers of reusing nasal swabs? 

Since the epidemic, the term nasal swab testing has entered our lives. Basically, you will be asked to do a nucleic acid test when you are on a business trip or travelling. After the test is completed, the sterile flocked swab will be processed for medical waste. However, news broke out recently that refreshed the three views, and netizens called out “there is no bottom line”!

According to reports, employees of a medical company in Indonesia were found to be repeatedly using sterile nasal swabs when testing airport passengers. At present, more than 9,000 passengers are expected to be affected.

After investigation, the Indonesian police found that the employees involved first performed Nasopharyngeal Swabs tests on passengers with sterile nasal swabs every day, then cleaned the used sterile swabs with alcohol, and then packaged them for use by the next batch of passengers. . This behaviour is outrageous.

Contents of this article

1. What are the dangers of reusing nasal swabs?

2. Why are the swabs for PCR Swab Test put together?

3.  What should I pay attention to when doing nucleic acid testing?

4. Will the swabs for nucleic acid testing be reused?

What are the dangers of reusing nasopharyngeal swabs?

The nose is a barometer of human health. When there are lesions in the body, the colour of the snot changes to yellow or green. Nasopharyngeal swabs are a test sampling method to assess the presence of respiratory viral or bacterial infections by collecting samples from the surface of the respiratory mucosa.

As a rule, nasal swabs cannot be reused. If the nasal swab is reused, the consequences will be disastrous.

If the nasal swab is reused, it will increase the risk of virus infection. Previously, a British research team found that two kinds of cells in the nose may be the other infection sites of the new coronavirus. A clinical study found that the viral load of nasal flocked swabs The amount is significantly higher than that of throat swabs. If nasal swabs are reused, it is likely to cause cross-infection and expand the scope of infection.

On the other hand, it may lead to inaccurate test results, false positives or false negatives. It may cause psychological panic and unnecessary treatment to the subjects, and false negatives may mean that the subjects cannot find out that they have been infected in time, miss the best treatment time, and even cause more people to be infected.

Nasopharyngeal flocked swab CellMedical

Nasopharyngeal flocked swab CellMedical

Why are the sample collection swabs for nucleic acid testing all put together?

This kind of multi-person mixed inspection can improve efficiency and reduce costs.

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Mixed sampling testing refers to mixing samples from multiple people (generally no more than 10 people) into the same test tube for testing, improving testing efficiency and reducing testing costs, but the waiting time for centralized sampling may be slightly longer. According to the voluntary principle, the nucleic acid test of all employees can be tested by mixed sampling technology. The laboratory testing time for mixed sample and single-tube testing is the same, which does not affect the time for issuing the testing report.

The so-called five-in-one and ten-in-one mixed sampling detection technology are to put 5 or 10 individual swabs into a collection tube. When the test result is negative, the mixed sample is negative, and the mixed sample is 5 people. or 10 people are safe;

If there is a positive result, the relevant department will be immediately notified to temporarily isolate the 5 or 10 subjects in the mixed tube, take a single tube swab again for the review, and then determine which of the 5 or 10 people is positive.

What should I pay attention to when doing a nucleic acid test (PCR test)?

Pcr test nasal swab and an antigen test difference for covid 19

Pcr test nasal swab and an antigen test difference for covid 19

Today,  many people who travel to and from high-risk areas of the epidemic require nucleic acid testing.

So, what should we pay attention to when doing nucleic acid testing (PCR SWAB TEST)?

Before the nucleic acid test: do not eat within 2 hours, do not smoke or drink within 30 minutes, carry a valid ID card, wear a mask correctly, and inform the testing personnel of past medical history or related matters.

When doing nucleic acid testing: Keep a distance of more than 1 meter when queuing, tilt your head slightly, relax, take a deep breath, and have symptoms such as dry cough or sneezing, use a tissue or cover with your arm.

After the nucleic acid test: leave the collection site immediately, and wipe your hands with hand sanitiser or alcohol.

In fact, whether it is a nasopharyngeal swab or a throat swab, it is an effective virus detection method. Although there will be slight discomfort during the test, it will soon return to normal and will not affect your health. Therefore, if necessary, we must actively cooperate with nucleic acid testing, which is responsible for ourselves and others.

Nucleic acid detection: For virus detection method.

It uses a collection flocked swab to collect a sample from the throat or nose of the tester and then conducts the test to obtain the final result.

Some people found that the flocked swabs for nucleic acid testing will be placed in a bottle(VTM Tube).

This is a mixed test, and most of them occur during nucleic acid testing of all staff, which will not affect the detection effect.

Will the swabs for nucleic acid testing be reused?

Prohibition reused.

In addition to sampling, reagents and other factors, the subject’s own reasons may also lead to “false negatives”.

Not to eat for two hours before the nucleic acid test, not to drink water for the first 30 minutes. And not to smoke, drink water or chew gum to reduce behaviours that may interfere with the test results.

There are other influencing factors before sampling and testing,

1. Please do not take antibiotics a few days before the nasal swab.

2. Do not use disinfectant mouthwash or smear on the affected area a few hours before the nasal swab.

3. Do not eat, smoke, or drink for a few hours before the nasal swab.

What is A Covid-19 NP Swab?

What is A Covid-19 NP Swab?

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The COVID-19 Swab test is an important part of the anti-epidemic work, and it is extremely important to standardize the operation of sampling techniques.

All sampling operations must be standardized. In order to provide a strong guarantee for the accurate reporting of subsequent nucleic acid testing.

Nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs are the primary sample type for respiratory molecular pathogen testing.

During the 2019 novel coronavirus infectious disease (COVID) pandemic, NP swabs became central to the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Unfortunately, NP swab collection can be very uncomfortable for some patients.

Because when collecting nasal swabs, a relatively long flocked swab, is directly inserted into the nasal cavity of the person being collected.

However, nasal swabs will not cause pain if the operator is appropriate, but some people with sensitive noses or diseases may experience mild discomfort.

Np swab covid test meaning?

Np swab is the nasopharyngeal swab test, which refers to a relatively conventional method for detecting viruses.

Nasal swab testing mainly involves inserting a relatively long sterile flocked swab into the patient’s nasal cavity.

It was then collecting secretions from the nasopharynx through the nasal cavity.

And then testing these secretions in various aspects, such as bacterial culture And drug sensitivity test to determine the source of infection and the type of microorganisms.

Symptomatic treatment according to the test results, and a drug sensitivity test can also be used to determine which drug is more sensitive.

Use the more sensitive drug for treatment.

What should medical staff pay attention to when collecting nasopharyngeal swabs?

All healthcare professionals performing nasopharyngeal swab tests must wear the recommended personal protective equipment (PPE), which should include N95 masks, disposable caps, goggles, protective clothing, latex gloves, and shoe covers.

Nasopharyngeal flocked swabs: performed with the patient sitting upright with the head in an upright position.

What is A Covid-19 NP Swab?

What is A Covid-19 NP Swab?

The subject needs to tilt his head back.

Nasopharyngeal swabs are not along the nostrils, but perpendicular to the face, entering from the nasal passages.

When collecting, do not enter violently when encountering resistance or the subject feels obvious pain.

When taking nasopharyngeal sampling, the operator can stand behind the subject and does not need to look directly at the nasal cavity.

In addition, there is basically no gag reflex, the tolerance is good, and the risk of exposure is relatively low.

After sampling, the individual tested may have a sneeze reflex, immediately use an elbow or a tissue.

A small number of subjects may have a little nosebleed after sampling, which can usually be stopped on their own.

When taking a nasopharyngeal swab, it can stay in the nasopharynx for a longer time in order to obtain a more adequate sample.

Studies have shown that the positive rate of nasal swab samples is higher than that of throat swab samples, that is, the efficiency of nasal swabs for virus swab detection is higher than that of throat swabs.

What can a nasopharyngeal swab detect?

Used for nasopharyngeal sampling for respiratory viruses such as influenza, swine flu, bird flu, and hand, foot and mouth.

Nasal Swab Test

A nasopharyngeal culture

The reasons for false negatives

1. Patient: The virus content may be too low. The nucleic acid swab detection reagent has certain requirements for the virus presence in the infected person. If the virus is too low, existing methods may not detect it.

The onset of new coronary pneumonia patients will go through a process from asymptomatic after infection, to mild symptoms, to severe symptoms.

2. Collection of specimens: false negatives cannot be completely avoided.

Many experts have concluded from practical work that the positive rate of sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples collected from the lower respiratory tract is higher than that of oro-nasopharyngeal swabs from the upper respiratory tract; the positive rate of nasopharyngeal swab samples is higher than the Oropharyngeal swab.

Improper collection site, for example, when collecting oropharyngeal swabs, the depth of the collection is not enough;

Nasopharyngeal swabs are not enough deep into the nasal cavity, etc., and most of the collected cells may not contain viruses, which may cause false negatives.

3. Detection reagents: At present, the quality of the reagents on the market may vary.

4. In addition to the test reagents themselves, laboratory specifications will also have an important impact on the test results. Specimen transportation and storage conditions, standardized operations in clinical laboratories, result interpretation and quality control are all key factors to ensure the accuracy and reliability of test results.

Prevent false negatives

Incorrectly performed nasopharyngeal swabs may lead to a greater likelihood of patients receiving false-negative test results.

False-negative results are an important issue to address, as these results can cause patients who are positive for some diseases to unknowingly transmit highly contagious diseases, especially COVID-19, too many others.

Therefore, adequate training of testers on how to perform nasopharyngeal swab tests reliably is critical. Use high-quality detection reagents. learn more.

Flocked Nasopharyngeal Swab Suppliers and Manufacturers

Flocked Sterile Nasopharyngeal Swabs Suppliers and Manufacturers

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The World Health Organization released a report on March 30.

The new coronavirus strain XE that appeared in the UK has reported and confirmed more than 600 gene sequences, and the XE recombinant strain has also shown signs of community transmission in the UK.

Covid-19 has been popular for two or three years, and the normalization of the epidemic has also reduced everyone’s vigilance against the new crown.

The strong infectious and latent new coronavirus strain of Omicron has caused another wave of outbreaks in our country, and this XE strain may be more harmful to us.

China Sterile Flocked Nasopharyngeal Swab GMP Factory and Manufacturers.

Flocked sampling swab CellMedical new technology product.

Sampling swabs include throat swabs, oral swabs, DNA swabs, and cervical swabs. Used to various laboratory testing centres and hospitals.

The sampling flocking swab is 3 times higher than the traditional winding swab to collect and release the sample, and it does not cause damage to the cell sample. Injury to the human body.

Manufacturer introduction: Cell medical (Dongguan) Co., Ltd., established in 2009, is a swabs design/swabs manufacturer, that has many years of experience in medical application moulding and flocking treatment heads and swabs.

As a supplier of sample collection and sampling swabs, it has been in a leading position in the industry.

The flocked swab factory covers an area of ​​10,000 square meters. The factory has more than 200 manufacturing personnel, more than 10 swab production lines, 10 swab packaging lines, and a daily production capacity of several million swabs.

Flocked Sterile Nasopharyngeal Swabs

Flocked Sterile Nasopharyngeal Swabs

Product introduction:

The DNA extraction flocking swab produced by CellMedocal company is made of nylon fibre flocking technology.

The front end is coated with nylon short fibres fixed in a vertical manner so that there is no absorption hole in the entire collection area of ​​the swab.

DNA cells will not be scattered. Retained in fibers for faster and more efficient elution.

The flocked nasopharyngeal swab with the company’s unique national virus transport tube

Filter out small particles of impurities in the external air that may affect the quality of the test material, which is convenient for long-term storage of the sample.

CellMedical Flocked Swabs

Flocked Nasopharyngeal Swab Suppliers and Manufacturers

Flocked Nasopharyngeal Swab Suppliers and Manufacturers

Features:

1. Made of non-inhibitory DNA amplification materials, verified by direct PCR amplification, omitting the extraction step.
2. Use a single independent packaging to avoid pollution.
3. Strict process conditions, free of DNase and amplifiable human DNA.
4. Nylon flocked material.

5. Over 90% release rate for collected specimens, thus ensuring high reliability of results
6. The unique casing design ensures air circulation in the casing.  Prevents the test material from mildew due to the humid and sealed environment. Avoids magazine pollution in the external air, which affects the inspection quality.

Medical DNA sampling, oral sampling, virus testing, nasopharyngeal sampling, virus and bacteria sampling, laboratory sampling, genetic sampling, gynecological sampling and other disposable nylon flocking sampling swabs.


															

		
		
	





	
		



	
	


		
		

							

					How To Do Covid Swab
				

			
			
How To Do Covid Swab


							

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Covid Swab testing include nasopharyngeal swabs and oropharyngeal swabs.


A sample taken by a doctor from a patient’s nasal cavity via a nasopharyngeal swab to test for Covid-19.


The oropharynx refers to the detection of secretions mainly from the soft palate, tonsils and other parts of the patient.


We need to pay attention to protection for nucleic acid testing.


The advantage of nasopharyngeal swabs over oropharyngeal swabs is that they are easy to operate.


The operator can stand behind the patient’s side, with only the nostrils exposed, without looking directly into the patient’s mouth.


There is basically no gag reflex, and the exposure risk of the sampler is lower than that of nasopharyngeal swabs.


How to do a covid nasopharyngeal swab without pain?




Since the flocked swab sampling is from the lower nasal passage all the way to the bottom of the nasopharynx.


It is more painful to perform, but in this process, the more nervous and conflicted, the more uncomfortable it will be during sampling.


Therefore, when doing a nasal swab, recommended to relax a little, then tilt your head back, keep still.


And use your nose to inhale and exhale through your mouth.


The collector will make this process quick and generally not too painful.


Does nasopharyngeal swab bleeding affect test results?


It will not affect.


Bleeding when taking a nasal swab is due to the rupture of capillaries in the nasal mucosa when the specimen is taken.


However, under normal circumstances, as long as the secretions from the nasopharynx are collected.


A small amount of bleeding will generally not affect the test results. have an impact.


However, if the secretions from the nasopharynx are not collected during the bleeding.


It is necessary to resample the nasal cavity on the other side after stopping the bleeding by resting.


Therefore, when doing a nasal swab, it is recommended to relax and listen to the collector.


So that sampling can be completed quickly.


Which is more accurate, nasal swab or throat swab?


It has been reported in the literature that when taking samples for SARS-CoV-2 virus nucleic acid detection, the results obtained by simultaneously sampling throat swabs and nasal swabs are generally equivalent.


Therefore, for a nasopharyngeal swab and pharyngeal swab, there is no special regulation on which one to do. It is recommended that those who need to do sampling can choose according to their own conditions. If they can tolerate pharyngeal swab collection, they can do pharyngeal sampling. After the nasal swab was collected, a nasal sampling was performed.


Can nasopharyngeal swab be made by themselves？


Not.


Since the nasal swab test needs to insert the swab deep into the nasal cavity to collect samples, there may be adverse reactions such as pain, gag reflex, tearing, and even nosebleeds during the process, causing physical discomfort and psychological discomfort to the collected person. The sense of resistance will be very strong, so there are highly professional requirements for the sampling personnel, and they cannot be done by themselves.