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COVID-19: Will The Pandemic End in 2022?

Posted on 2022年4月18日2022年4月18日 by Dr. Lee

Only one month after the US lifted the mask order, Philadelphia will usher in a mandatory mask order again.

Beginning April 18, local time, more than 1.6 million Philadelphia residents must wear masks again when entering indoor public places. Philadelphia became the first major U.S. city to impose a mask mandate as cases rose again.

On April 13, the World Health Organization (WHO) New Crown Pandemic Emergency Committee held a meeting. After discussion, it was determined that the new crown pandemic continued to constitute a “public health emergency of international concern”, and countries were advised to prepare for it at any time. Do a good job in vaccination and PCR swab testing.

nasopharyngeal swab test

WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said: “It’s far from the time to let our guard down.”

According to the latest data from Johns Hopkins University in the United States. The number of confirmed cases of new coronary pneumonia in the world has exceeded 500 million. And the number of deaths has exceeded 6.1 million.

Endorsed by the WHO, in other words, one in 16 people in the world will carry the covid virus.

Since December last year, Omicron has been rampant around the world, with more than 200 million new confirmed cases worldwide in 2022.

500 million, or 5 billion?

At the same time, many experts and even the WHO believe that the number of truly infected people in the world is far more than 500 million, and may even exceed 5 billion.

Not to mention India, Africa and other countries and regions with poor medical conditions, weak testing capabilities, and chaotic management, even in the United States, the CDC has previously acknowledged that the number of infections reported nationwide is estimated to be less than 1/4 of the actual number of infections.

So, can the covid-19 stop this year?

COVID-19: Will The Pandemic End in 2022?

Faced with this question, WHO spokesman Tarik Jasarevic did not respond positively, but reiterated that in order to end the acute phase of the new crown pandemic, scientists have developed an effective epidemic prevention and control response.

Viral Transport Medium With Swab

He also warned: “As the new crown epidemic continues to spread on a large scale around the world, the emergence of more new crown variants and recombinant variants is foreseeable.”

Tedros said that the WHO is currently closely monitoring the development of BA.2, BA.4, BA.5 and other Omicron subtype strains, as well as the recombinant XE formed by the combination of BA.1 and BA.2 evolution.

BA series and X series, how dangerous?

Although the number of new cases around the world has been declining for three consecutive weeks. There are also some countries and regions where new cases are still climbing.

Many Asian countries are experiencing the Omicron wave for the first time. In South Korea, new infections and deaths have continued to climb since February. The country now has the world’s highest daily average of new confirmed cases for a week. According to a Reuters analysis, South Korea currently has an average of more than 182,000 new confirmed cases per day, accounting for a quarter of the world’s newly confirmed cases.

Some European and American countries have experienced a wave of Omicron infection peaks at the beginning of this year, but the epidemic has recently rebounded.

In Europe, the daily increase of confirmed cases in France has shown a slow upward trend, and the seven-day average of newly confirmed cases in Germany has declined, but it is still at a high level. Reuters pointed out that the number of new cases in Europe is still huge, with more than 1 million new confirmed cases almost every two days.

At present, BA.2 is the main circulating strain in many countries, accounting for 94% of all gene sequencing.

While BA.4 and BA.5: Found in South Africa and many European countries.

Experts believe that if more people can be vaccinated and more people have the tools to fight the epidemic, then we can reduce severe cases and further reduce infections, thereby gradually ending the pandemic.

He also emphasized that it is very important to continue swab testing while the pandemic is still ongoing so that cases can be accurately tracked.

CellMedical produce flocked swabs, VTM kits, and virus transport medium, with multiple automatic production lines(Including automatic VTM tube production line, OEM VTM Tube, Flocked Swab Production Line, etc). learn more.

How to Perform Mrsa Nasal Swab

Posted on 2022年4月3日2022年4月3日 by Dr. Lee

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is increasingly rampant, and its infection spreads almost all over the world.

Together with AIDS and hepatitis B, it has become the three most difficult infectious diseases in the world.

How to prevent and control MRSA has become a problem that we cannot ignore.

The long-term treatment of MRSA infection, in addition to the direct economic burden on patients, will also generate some indirect costs, such as isolation, disinfection and so on.

n response to the prevalence of MRSA, we should propose strict detection and control measures.

MRSA screening is an important part of this.

Medical swabs are one of CellMedical’s specialties. Our goal is to ensure that our swabs give end users what they really need so they can always perform at the highest level.

In this article, we review what MRSA is, why using a nasal swab is the most effective way to test for MRSA, and how to perform a nasal swab test for MRSA.

What is MRSA?

MRSA, known as Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

A highly drug-resistant strain of bacteria found mainly in people with long-term chronic diseases.

It is naturally resistant to penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics, and also has varying degrees of resistance to commonly used erythromycin, etimicin, ofloxacin and other drugs.

Mainly seen in patients with bloodstream infection, lung infection and other site infections.

If the treatment effect is not good after a variety of antibiotic anti-infection treatment, it is necessary to consider whether there is mrsa infection. This bacterium is only effective against antibiotics such as vancomycin, teicoplanin, and linezolid.

MRSA is contagious through person-to-person contact and when a contaminated person touches an object or surface and leaves behind germs that can spread.

About 126,000 people are hospitalized and 19,000 die from the bacteria each year.

MRSA Nasal Swab

A nationwide cross-sectional study of MRSA screening in more than 10,000 patients showed that screening sites included the nose, throat, underarm, perineum, and wound or implant sites. Nasal swabs identified only 66% of MRSA carriers, and further swab testing could increase the detection rate.

Nasal and perineal swabs were identified in 82% of patients, with the axilla being the least useful site for carrier identification (8% detection rate).

Standard screening methods should include at least two swabs (nasal swab plus perineal or pharyngeal swab).

According to the American Society for Microbiology, nasal swabs have a higher detection rate of MRSA than traditional swabs. Flocked swabs provide better sample collection because their brush-like tips release more target cells and retain more liquid sample than foam swabs.

Our flocked-Swab sterile swabs are designed for the collection and transport of clinically significant bacteria.

With molded breakpoints, sampling is fast, safe and convenient.

Sterile Medical Specimen Collection Sterile Nylon Flocked Nasopharyngeal Nasal Swab

How to use MRSA Swab?

Once a sampling swab and transfer medium, such as CellMedical’s flocked-Swab media transfer system, has been selected, testers should wash their hands and wear clean gloves.

The process is as follows:

Remove the nasal swab.
Measure about 2 cm with a swab and mark with your finger.
Insert a cotton swab about 2 cm (about 3/4 inch) into one nostril.
Insert the swab into the nostril perpendicular to the nose (face), rotate the swab against the anterior nasal mucosa for 3 seconds, then gently rotate 3 times. .
Using the same swab, repeat for the other nostril.
Place the swab back into the virus delivery medium.
Place the end of the swab firmly so that the tip of the swab is in contact with the wet swab.
Tighten the cap of the tube, mark it well, and put it in a plastic bag and seal it.

Still have questions about MRSA swabs or other CellMedical single-use medical products? Contact us today!

What Is Specimen Collection ?

Posted on 2022年3月29日2022年3月29日 by Dr. Lee

The surge of covid-19 has seriously affected our life and production.

With the efforts of most scientific researchers, the test of this virus came out.

Collection methods of common virological test specimens.

Nasal Swab Virus Sampling Kits

1. Draw 5 ml of blood for serological examination without anticoagulation

2. Extract cerebrospinal fluid through an aseptic procedure, place it in a sterile test tube, and immediately send it for examination in an ice bath.

3. Take a cervical or vaginal swab to take the secretions from the lesion site.

If there is no lesion site, clean the mucus of the cervical mouth, stick the swab about 1 cm into the cervix and hold it for more than 5 seconds to take it out. And put the swab in the transport solution on the ice at 4 °C.

4. Fecal specimens Take 2g~4g of stool specimens in a sterile container, add 8ml~10ml of transport fluid, and send them for inspection immediately.

5. Gargle solution: The patient can get it by gagling with sterile normal saline several times. After mixing the same amount with the transport solution, send it for inspection immediately.

6. Throat swab: Use a tongue depressor to fully expose the throat to avoid saliva contamination. Use a swabened moist with normal saline to collect specimens on the surface of the throat, and place them in transport fluid for inspection.

7. Nasopharyngeal swab: Take nasopharyngeal secretions for bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test.

7. Urethral swabs and urine specimens. The tester inserts the urethral swab 4 cm into the urethra and rotates it gently 2 to 3 times to obtain more epithelial cells. Then take it out and send it to the transport fluid for inspection.

The classification of new coronavirus nucleic acid samples includes nasopharyngeal swabs, oropharyngeal swabs and anal swabs. Different specimens use different methods for specimen collection.

What is a Specimen Collection Kit?

Viral Transport Kit: for collecting, handling, and transporting specimens suspected of VIRUS.

Generally equipped with a disposable flocking swab. From the appearance point of view, the flocking swab is white and soft. Using this soft brush during the sampling process will make the user feel no foreign body, and it is suitable for sampling in different parts. people.

Virus sampling tube: When collecting samples, routine samples could not be detected by PCR immediately. It is generally necessary to transport the swab sample with the specimen. The virus itself dissolves rapidly in vitro, affecting subsequent experiments. For transport, viral transport medium must be added.

What is the Specimen Collection Kit used for?

The nasopharyngeal swabbing is generally the preferred method of specimen collection for COVID-19 testing.

1. Disposable virus sampling tube is used for monitoring and sampling infectious pathogenic microorganisms in the disease control part and clinical part. Suitable for sampling influenza virus (common influenza, highly pathogenic avian influenza, H1N1 influenza virus, etc.). Hand, foot and mouth disease virus and other types of viruses.

It can also be used for sampling other respiratory diseases such as Mycoplasma and Chlamydia. COVID-19.

2. For transporting nasopharyngeal swab samples or site-specific scheduled samples from the sampling point to a testing laboratory for extraction and testing by polymerase chain reaction.

3. For the preservation of nasopharyngeal swab samples or samples arranged at specific sites for necessary cell culture.

Swab in specimen collection

1. Swabs with polyester fibre, polyester or rayon head and plastic or aluminium handle: suitable for the collection of virological test specimens. The collection of virological test specimens should not use swabs with wooden handles.
2. Cotton swabs: It is suitable for the collection of vaginal, cervical and urethral specimens for the mycoplasma test. It is not suitable for the collection of bacteria (especially fastidious bacteria) and chlamydia test specimens.
3. Polyester swabs and nylon swabs: suitable for a sampling of virus and bacterial specimens.
4. Flocked swab: It is made of nylon fiber through proprietary spray technology, and is suitable for respiratory virus sampling and fungal culture specimen sampling.
5. Calcium alginate swab: suitable for the collection of nasopharyngeal swabs for Chlamydia and Bordetella pertussis.

However, it is not suitable for the sampling of lipid-enveloped virus and cell culture. It is not suitable for the sampling of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Ureaplasma urealyticum.

Nasal Swab Test

Posted on 2022年3月26日2022年3月26日 by Dr. Lee

The person who did a few nasal swabs tells you how to do it without pain.

I’ve done nasal swabs several times and it’s been painless every time. Much more comfortable than a throat swab.

I see a lot of people on the Internet saying that the nasal swab is very painful, sour and straight to the sky, this is because your posture is not correct! !!

Nasopharyngeal swabbing is generally the preferred method of specimen collection for COVID-19 testing.

Looking at this schematic diagram, in fact, no matter the nasal swab or the throat swab.

Their purpose is to let the flocked swab sample from the inner wall of the throat.

Nasal swabs are not meant to poke your heavenly lid!

Nasopharyngeal culture

A nasopharyngeal culture is a test that examines a sample of secretions from the uppermost part of the throat, behind the nose, to detect organisms that may cause disease.

Nasopharyngeal Swab Pcr Test

Therefore, you should tilt your head as far back as possible to allow the cotton swab to go in horizontally.

That way the only thing you feel is a little bit of cold, and it’s over in less than 5 seconds.

But if you keep your head upright, then the flocked swab can only be poked from bottom to top, which will definitely pierce the upper part of the nasal cavity.

That position is very sensitive, and it will hurt very much when pierced.

And because the doctor can’t see the location, he can only stir in it by the feel of the hand, so you will be sour to tears.

One sentence summary: Tilt your head back and let the flocked swab go in and out horizontally all the way.

Why you should take the swab test.

This test identifies viruses and bacteria that cause upper respiratory symptoms.

These include:

Bordetella pertussis, the bacterium that causes whooping cough Meningococcus meningitidis.

The bacterium that causes meningococcal meningitis is Staphylococcus aureus, the bacterium that causes staph infections Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus virus infection.

For example, influenza or respiratory syncytial virus cultures can be used to help determine which antibiotic is appropriate to treat infections caused by bacteria.

Normal Results The presence of common organisms in the nasopharynx is normal.

What an abnormal result means The presence of any disease-causing viruses, bacteria or fungi means that these organisms may be causing your infection.

Sometimes, organisms like Staphylococcus aureus can exist without causing disease.

The test can help identify resistant strains of the organism (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA) so that people can be quarantined if necessary.

Risks There are no risks to this test

Flu Test Swab

Posted on 2022年3月18日2022年3月30日 by Dr. Lee

The COVID-19 pandemic has actually added another layer of complexity to the flu season ahead of schedule. COVID and the flu share many similar signs and symptoms, which certainly makes diagnostic screening even more important this flu season.

What is a flu swab test?

Flu is the abbreviation of Influenza. This disease is not unfamiliar to us. It is an acute respiratory infection caused by influenza virus.

Influenza is very contagious and spreads very quickly. Once you have flu symptoms, you must go to the hospital for relevant examinations in time to determine the type of flu before symptomatic treatment.

Every year when the seasons change, the virus will also increase due to changes in temperature. This period is also the time when we are most prone to getting sick.

Among them, influenza is a very common epidemic infectious disease. Influenza is familiar to most people, but not very well known to a few people.

Getting a quick, accurate diagnosis is of course critical to driving treatment decisions.

Influenza testing can be done with blood tests, nasopharyngeal swabs, etc.

How to Test for Flu with a Swab.

Which Swab Test is More Accurate?

Discovering the right flu test is critical to ensuring accurate results. Using high-quality items—including appropriate swabs, shipping media, and testing devices—can help to properly identify influenza and reduce the potential spread of infection. Influenza testing needs to detect the influenza virus.

After infection with influenza, the influenza virus usually invades the nasopharynx first, which can be detected by a nasopharyngeal swab.

Influenza virus can also enter the blood and can be detected by a blood test. Influenza is a relatively serious respiratory infectious disease.

After the infection, the systemic symptoms are more obvious, such as high fever, general weakness, and sore limbs.

The recovery of the disease is also relatively slow, and it takes about half a month.

Each of the influenza tests listed above can be performed using a nasopharyngeal (NP) swab, throat swab, NP swab, nasal or endotracheal aspirate, or saliva test.

Covid Test Throat Swab

To perform an NP flu swab test, follow these steps:

Choose a flocked swab with excellent absorption and elution, such as CellMedical’s Nasopharyngeal Swab CM-96000N 6″ Sterile Flocked Swab with Breakpoint 90mm.

With the patient’s head tilted back, slowly insert the flocked swab into the nasal cavity.

Place the swab directly into the nostril directly back (not up) and at the level of the nasopharynx to the distance determined on the swab handle.

Rotate the swab approximately 3 to 5 times and hold in place for 5 to 10 seconds to obtain a sample.

Remove the sampling swab and insert into a virus sampling tube containing 1 to 3 ml of virus transport medium.

Break the flocked swab along the breakpoint.

Label the vial with the appropriate customer information.

How long does a flu swab test take?

Throat swab test belongs to a class of medical test methods. A medical sampling swab is used to take a small number of secretions from the pharynx of the human body, inoculate it in a special petri dish, and then put it into a temperature control device for cultivation. Throat swab test can understand the patient’s condition, oral mucosa and throat infection. As for how long the results will take, depending on the number of people tested, some hours, some a day, some a week.

How accurate is the flu swab test?

The flu nasopharyngeal swab test is more accurate when the virus load is sufficient.

This is used to determine whether the human body has the flu.

But if the test comes back positive, that would require sampling and testing of those who came into contact with the patient.

It can prevent the spread of influenza, and it is necessary for suspected patients to be properly isolated, placed separately, and tested.

Nasopharyngeal swabs are commonly used clinically to detect viruses.

That is, take a sampling flocked swab and gently wipe the patient’s nasopharynx, and then take samples for testing.

Np Swab Covid Test Meaning

Posted on 2022年3月16日2022年4月7日 by Dr. Lee

Np Swab Covid Test Significance Np Swab is the English abbreviation of nasopharyngeal swab.

This article provides information on how to properly perform nasopharyngeal swab sampling, how to analyze samples taken from swabs.

Nasal swab? What is the difference between a nasopharyngeal swab and a nasal swab?

Nasopharyngeal Swab Pcr Test

Nasopharyngeal Swab vs Nasal Swab (Anterior Nasal Swab)

What is the method of nasopharyngeal swab?

Collection of specimens from the surface of the respiratory mucosa with nasopharyngeal flocked swabs is a procedure used for the diagnosis of Covid-19.

A nostril sample collection is usually one of the nursing care.

What is the nasal swab technique?

Part of the inspection method is done using sub-diagnostics and collecting diagnostic samples from the membrane. Rotate for 10-5 seconds while touching both walls, then use a cotton swab with 1 mid-hole in one nostril.

In the same way in the other nostrils: usually preferred for people – and used in my own testing. The same goes for technology.

Which swab test is more accurate?

Nasopharyngeal swabs are generally the recommended sample collection technique for COVID-19 testing.

Additionally, a 2012 comparative study showed no significant analytical differences between the two influenza detection technologies.

In addition to being the typical testing approach for the diagnosis of COVID-19.

The nasopharyngeal swab: is likewise regularly utilized for the detection of different viruses and bacterial infections.

How do we perform nasopharyngeal swab sample collection?

Flocked Tip Swab

Healthcare experts need to execute these tests in a specialized and also sanitized room that prevents the spread of the infection.

All healthcare specialists administering the nasopharyngeal swab examination have to wear the suggested personal protective devices (PPE), of which ought to include an N95 mask, non reusable cap, goggles, dress, latex gloves, and also footwear covers.

When the individual sitting upright as well as their head in a straight position, as this provides very easy exposure and also access to the nasal floor, which is vertical to the facility axis of the person’s face.

The staff places the swab into the client’s nose in the same direction as the nasal cavity and diaphragm floor.

As long as there are no obstructions existing within the nasal dental caries, the swab will certainly remain to relocate this instructions until it reaches the nasopharynx.

Once the swab reaches the nasopharynx, finishes two full 360-degree rotations to enable the secretions from this area.

When we take the swab out of the individual’s nose. Immediately insert into a vial with medium.

Nasopharyngeal Swab Procedure.

What can a nasopharyngeal swab find?

As previously pointed out, a nasopharyngeal swab: is extensively utilized to identify (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which is the infection that causes COVID-19 disease.

Identified via nasopharyngeal swabs, several of which include rhinovirus, and adenovirus. flu. respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). (HPIV). (HMPV) as well as (EV).

Given that the nasopharynx is generally home to a high number of both nonpathogenic as well as pathogenic microorganisms. This testing approach can additionally be utilized to detect particular bacterial pathogens.

Such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus flu, as well as Moraxella catarrhalis.

A diagnostics firm, for example, has just recently presented a novel nasal swab that gathers nasal epithelial cells for the early molecular discovery of lung cancer in both current as well as previous smokers.

We obtained nasopharyngeal swab samples, and the current standard for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 is real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Pcr test nasal swab and an antigen test difference for covid 19

Commonly, the RT-PCR test will measure several various RNA gene targets, such as several of the envelope (env), nucleocapsid (N), spike (S), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) as well as ORF1 genes.

RT-PCR test is an analytical technique suitable for SARS-CoV-2 discovery because of its reliability and affordability.

As well as sensitivity, especially when compared to different analysis techniques like cell culture, antigen discovery, and serological approaches.

There are numerous reasons that negative test outcomes can develop as a result of an incorrect nasopharyngeal swab method.

One instance includes the numerous locations in between the opening of the nose and also the nasopharynx where the screening workers can experience resistance.

Commonly, a knowledgeable caregiver can acknowledge when the sampling swab has actually gotten to 9-10 centimetres into the nasal dental caries.

If the swab does not reach this depth, it has not accurately tasted liquid from the nasopharynx and can for that reason not adequately determine the existence of a disease within this location of the body.

For this reason, it is critical to assess whether employees receive proper education on how to accurately perform nasopharyngeal swab testing.

What is Viral Transport Media

Posted on 2022年3月14日2022年3月30日 by Dr. Lee

What is VTM?

VTM is the acronym for Viral Transport Media, which contains nutrients that carry the virus and keep it active so that the sample can reach the laboratory for testing.

VTM virus preservation solution is suitable for the collection, preservation and transportation of common virus samples.

Such as new coronavirus, influenza virus, hand, foot and mouth virus. It can collect throat swabs, nasal swabs or tissue samples from specific parts.

And the stored samples can be used for subsequent nucleic acid extraction or Purification and other clinical experiments.

Virus Transport Medium (VTM) Definition

The virus transport medium sampling tube is a complete set of centrifuge tubes for sampling and transporting viruses.

What is Viral Transport Media

Such as new coronavirus, influenza virus, hand, foot and mouth virus in the microbial sampling transport tube.

Also known as the specimen transport tube. commoditized products.

A nutrient is used to carry and maintain the viability of test specimens (viruses) for the identification and further processing of samples in laboratories.

Viral Transmission Media Principles (VTM)

Since there is no cellular structure. Viruses cannot replicate themselves, but instead, invade genes into host cells and replicate new viruses with the help of the latter’s replication system.

After the virus sample is collected, in order to maintain the activity of the virus sample and prolong the survival time of the virus in the sample, the sampling swab will be put into the transportation medium for storage and transportation.

Transportation medium composition and inspection principle:

1. The combination of various antibiotics has broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal effects.

2. As a protein stabilizer, bovine serum albumin (BSA) can form a protective film on the protein shell of the virus, making it difficult to decompose and ensuring the integrity of the virus

3. The neutral environment constructed by Hank’s buffer helps to increase the survival time and infection stability of the virus.

4. Phenol red is an acid-base indicator, the discoloration area is 6.6 (yellow)-8.0 (red), and it is red at 7.2-7.4.

Vtm Kit

The most stable pH value of the viral outer layer protein is 7.2-7.4, which is also the pH value range of Hank’s buffer. If contaminating molds or bacteria are not inhibited by antibiotics, they can multiply, releasing carbon dioxide and lowering the pH.

At this time, the appearance of the sampling solution will change from red to yellow.

Notes:

To produce an isotonic solution containing proteins to protect viral structures, antibiotics to control microbial contamination, and one or more buffers to control pH.
Use the concept of assays such as nucleic acid amplification assays (NaAt) to prepare viral delivery media while preventing samples such as drying.

Composition of viral transport media (VTM Kits)

There are mainly the following parts:

1. Sampling swab with disposable sterile plastic rod/rayon head;

2. Sterile sampling tube containing 3ml of virus maintenance solution;

In addition, there are additional parts such as a tongue depressor, a biosafety bag, etc.

Viral delivery media typically have protective protein components, antimicrobial agents to prevent the potential for contamination, and buffers to maintain the pH of the solution.

Some VTMs also have additional ions and minerals that help keep such samples viable.

How to use Virus Transfer Media?

Liquid transfer media are primarily used to transfer the swab or material from the collection swab into the media.

It facilitates the collection and transport of samples in areas where it is not available.

Precautions for use:

1. Before sampling, indicate the sample information on the label of the cryopreservation tube;

2. According to different experimental purposes, use sampling swabs to sample at the corresponding parts (the most commonly used are nasopharyngeal swabs, pharyngeal swabs are the oral swabs in the product);

3. Immediately after sampling, put the swab into the sampling tube containing the virus transport medium, break it at the breaking point, and tighten the tube cover;

4. The specific sampling methods are as follows:

a) Nasal swab: Gently insert the flocked swab head into the nasal palate, stay for a while and then slowly turn to exit. Swab the other nostril with another swab, immerse the swab head in the sampling solution, break it at the breaking point, and discard it.

b) Pharyngeal swab: Wipe bilateral pharyngeal tonsils and posterior pharyngeal wall with a flocked swab, and also immerse the swab head in the sampling solution and discard it.

Flocked Cotton Throat Oral swab 15Cm

Covid Test Throat Swab

Posted on 2022年3月11日2022年3月22日 by Dr. Lee

There is more than one sampling method to detect covid-19. Everyone should have heard of the nasopharyngeal swab test and oropharyngeal swab. Can you do it yourself? Or does it have to be done by a professional for you?

In this article you will learn:

What difference is between a nasal swab and a throat swab COVID-19 test?

The main steps to take the Covid Test Throat Swab test.

Which COVID test is more accurate, nasal or throat swab?

What difference is between a nasal swab and a throat swab COVID-19 test?

Swab Test

Sampling methods and location are different.

The accuracy rates of nucleic acid detection nasal swabs and throat swabs are usually similar, and the main difference lies in the sampling method and sampling site.

For nasal swabs, nasopharyngeal flocking swabs are mainly used to test the secretions from the inside of the nasal cavity and the surface of the nasal mucosa through the nasal cavity; In contrast, throat swabs are obtained by dipping pharyngeal specimens through the oral cavity. Tests are conducted to determine if the sampler is infected with the new coronavirus.

There are several different ways to test for COVID-19:

Testing for COVID-19 falls into two main categories:

1. Diagnostic test/diagnostic test: to detect whether you are currently infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus, also called viral swab test.

2. Antibody test/antibody test: It is used to detect whether you have been infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and cannot be used to diagnose whether you are currently infected.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) swab test

Nasal Swab A nasal swab is a method of examining the nasal passages to see if there is a bacterial or viral infection. The nasal swab is something similar to a sterile flocked swab, which is used for the collection of nasal specimens.
Throat swab, also known as “oropharyngeal swab“, refers to using a sterilized medical long cotton swab to wipe a small number of secretions from the throat of the person to be tested, and then perform respiratory virus testing. A sample is taken from the back of the throat through the mouth.
Nasopharyngeal swabs are actually relatively long nasopharyngeal flocked swabs, similar to longer sterilized cotton swabs.
Its main function is to take nasopharyngeal secretions for bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests. Go deep into the nose and collect a sample from the back of the nose or the back of the throat.
Saliva swabs use a saliva sample to test for the COVID-19 virus. This is usually done by swabbing the oral area, such as the cheeks.

The rapid antigen tests that most people use in the U.S. and elsewhere are designed specifically for nasal swabs.

The main steps to take the Covid Test Throat Swab test.

Specimen collection crowd:

1. Patients with suspected pneumonia and suspected cluster cases of new coronavirus infection;

2. Others who need to be diagnosed or differentially diagnosed with new coronavirus infection;

3. Those returning to the city/returning to work without obvious symptoms (fever, respiratory symptoms) .

Before swab test sampling:

Preparation before throat swab: throat swab sampling tube (tube + swab), sealing bag with a size suitable for displaying the general biological hazard sign, tongue depressor, etc.

Check the label on the outside of the throat swab (whether there is a date, specification, whether the colour of the sampling liquid has deteriorated, whether it is turbid, whether there is sediment, etc., and also improve the information of the sampling tube, such as name, sampling unit, and paste the sampling number);

It is necessary to communicate with the examinee first, and inform the examinee in advance not to smoke, drink, or eat chewing gum or irritating or savoury food within 30 minutes before sampling.

If your test needs to try:

The swab crossed the base of the tongue and reached the pharyngeal stenosis, and quickly wiped the palatine arches and pharynx and tonsil secretions on both sides.
Drop the swab into the virus delivery medium, assist the cap to break the swab stem so that it is fully seated in the tube.
Tighten the cap of the tube, mark it well, put it in a plastic bag and seal it.
Submit the specimen for inspection in a timely manner.

Which COVID test is more accurate, nasal or throat swab?

Research is underway to determine the most accurate way to test for COVID-19, specifically using the Omicron variant. We do know that Omicron tends to stay in the upper airways rather than travel to the lower airways or lungs. Therefore, a throat swab may be more likely to find it. But again, research is still ongoing.

A recently published study suggests that saliva swabs may be more accurate in detecting Omicron variants than nasal swabs. But the study looked at PCR tests, not at-home rapid tests. So the results may not apply to home tests because these tests work differently. Another study found that PCR throat swabs were slightly better at detecting the virus than nasal swabs. But this research was done before the Omicron variant.

It is also important to note that throat swabs are more difficult to collect. If done incorrectly, the results may be inaccurate. At this point, it is best to wait until we have more data and leave the throat swab to the provider.

Notice

For the Omicron variant, a saliva test (and possibly a throat swab) may be more accurate than a nasal swab. But current rapid home tests are not designed for throat swabs. To avoid potentially false results, these tests should only be used as intended. Until we do more research, we can’t say for sure whether combining swabs with home testing is a good idea. When in doubt, consider a PCR test for more accurate results.

What to do before swab test

Posted on 2022年1月19日2022年3月22日 by Dr. Lee

What to do before the swab test？

Why implement full coverage of DNA swab testing?

What should be paid attention to in DNA testing?

The latest statistics on the COVID-19 released by Johns Hopkins University in the United States on the 9th show that the cumulative number of confirmed cases in the United States has exceeded 60 million.

Nucleic acid detection is an effective method for precise prevention and control.

After the COVID infects the human body, it will multiply in the respiratory system.

Using a nasopharyngeal swab to detect sputum can determine whether the human body is infected with the virus, and can quickly and accurately “find out” the virus.

The recent spread of the epidemic has brought new pressure to epidemic prevention and control around the world. There are even reports of a country’s leader being positive for the new crown. Mexican president tests positive for coronavirus. The President of Paraguay has tested positive for the new crown. Poland: President tests positive for coronavirus. Brazil’s president tests positive for coronavirus. etc.

On the basis of continuing to perform nucleic acid testing on key groups of people, close contacts, etc., to identify the infection chain as soon as possible, block the transmission route, control the spread of the epidemic, and implement large-scale full nucleic acid testing, we must achieve early detection, early reporting, Early isolation, early treatment, active search for potential new coronavirus infections, and targeted prevention and control measures are also adopted to protect the health of the masses, ensure the rational flow of the population, and maintain the stable development of social and economic life order. It is very important. significance.

What methods are available for COVID swab testing?

Nucleic acid detection generally adopts the nasopharyngeal swab detection method, including nasopharyngeal swab detection and oropharyngeal swab detection.

At present, most hospitals and institutions in our city use oropharyngeal swabs.

This method is the least painful and more convenient to collect samples.

Is it painful to take a throat swab?

A throat swab is a method of collecting a specimen from the throat area, it is painless, mild nausea or sore throat method, which can be relieved or disappear quickly after collection.

Are DNA tests dangerous to humans?

There is no harm to the human body, only when the throat swab is collected, a slight foreign body sensation will be felt when the cotton swab enters the throat.

What should I pay attention to before and after the inspection?

Before detection

Before the nucleic acid test, it is best not to eat for 2 hours, otherwise, it will cause vomiting.
Do not drink water, smoke, drink, or chew gum 30 minutes before sampling.

Before the examination, reduce the number of swallowing movements, and do not do throat-clearing movements, such as expectoration and spitting.

For example: before the nasopharyngeal swab collection, the subject should provide the collector with the relevant past medical history or related matters.

Such as history of nasal surgery, nasal septum, blood disease, throat disease, or taking anticoagulant drugs.

Be sure to wear a mask before going to the test, take out the mask before the test, and put it on immediately after the test. You can prepare a spare mask, which can be replaced at any time after pollution.

Checking

When collecting oropharyngeal swabs, the subject should tilt his head back, relax as much as possible, take a deep breath, and open his mouth to make an “ah” sound, which will help reveal the throat, but symptoms such as irritating dry cough, nausea and vomiting may occur during this process.

Nasopharyngeal swab During the process of nasopharyngeal swab, symptoms such as swelling, itching, and sneezing may occur, which can be covered with a tissue or elbow.

After detection

Leave the collection site immediately after collection to avoid spitting and vomiting near the collection site.

You must pay attention to hand hygiene before and after the nucleic acid test.

You can wipe your hands with your hands, or you can use hand sanitiser, disposable alcohol, and disinfectant cotton pads.

Important reminder:

●Be careful to wear a mask, do not expose your nose and nose, do not take it off at will, or pull the mask to your chin.
●There should be an orderly queue, keep a distance of 1 meter, do not get together, do not gather.
●When waiting in line for a long time, pay attention to sun protection, sun protection, scientific hydration, and a reasonable diet.
● Try to avoid taking public transportation to the nucleic acid test sampling site.

The current situation of epidemic prevention and control is very complicated.
Every day, take care to protect your body.
Wear a mask and follow the epidemic prevention regulations.
Protect yourself and protect others at the same time.
New coronavirus pneumonia cases.
Please accept the general guidelines for prevention and control.
Daily Travel Prevention Control Guidelines.
Take the bus, take the subway.
To minimise contact, payment can be made using a transport card or a mobile app.
Avoid touching public facilities such as seats, armrests, car doors, and armrests with your hands as little as possible. If you do, do not touch your mouth, eyes, and nose directly with your hands, and disinfect your hands in time to avoid contact infection.

Hospitals and other places, after returning home, you should disinfect your outerwear.

How to Swab For Covid Test

Posted on 2022年1月15日2022年3月22日 by Dr. Lee

How to Swab For Covid Test

Since the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia, we must have experienced nucleic acid testing. Covid swab test Nucleic acid detection plays a very important role in the process of infection diagnosis of COVID-19. It can not only find asymptomatic patients in the incubation period as much as possible but also greatly reduce the risk of infection.

Nucleic acid detection is so important. Next, Dr Li will take you to have an in-depth understanding of the relevant principles of nucleic acid detection, the difference between mixed collection and single collection of nucleic acid detection, and the matters needing attention in nucleic acid detection, to help you better protect yourself while popularizing knowledge.

To understand nucleic acid detection, we must understand the detection principle. Let’s take a look at its detection principle first.

The doctor is testing the patient’s nasopharynx swab

What is the principle of nucleic acid detection?

Nucleic acid, the genetic factor of the virus, is a macromolecular chain composed of four nucleotides. Different molecules represent different nucleotides and form a long chain. Nucleic acid detection is through the detection of nucleic acid in the chain, and this segment of nucleic acid is COVID-19 specific, other viruses do not.

Pcr test nasal swab and an antigen test difference for covid 19

The substance detected by the nucleic acid is the nucleic acid of the virus. At present, the detection technology is mainly through PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technology to detect the nucleic acid of the virus. During the detection, the nucleic acid chain of COVID-19 was used as the detection target, and the target gene sequence was amplified by PCR Test, which was combined with a fluorescent labelled probe added in the test reagent to produce a fluorescence signal.

The three forms of nucleic acid detection have their advantages.

Nasal swab test

This test method is to insert the test swab vertically into the nostril. And gently rotate the swab, stay in the nasal cavity for about 15 seconds, to test.

Flocked Tip Swab Nylon Sterile Nasal Swab Stick

Compared with throat swabs, nasal swab testing is more accurate for inexperienced testing personnel. And the risk of exposure is lower. However, it is not suitable for some patients with nasal allergies, high blood pressure and people who take anticoagulation and antiplatelet for a long time.

Throat swab test

At present, the most widely used detection method is also a form that is often used by everyone. During the sampling process, the patient opened his mouth and made an “ah” sound, and the testing personnel used a sterilized cotton swab to gently and quickly wipe the pharyngeal lateral wall and posterior pharyngeal wall of the subject many times.

COVID-19 Testing:PCR swab test,antibody test, and antigen test difference

COVID-19 Testing: Throat swab test

Throat swab testing: Often used in the testing process because it is more convenient and fast to collect, and it is more acceptable to the public, but the risk of exposure is also greater.

Anal swab test

This test method is a method of inserting a test swab into the anus and taking a sample at the fold of the anus or taking a sample at 2 to 3 cm for a new coronavirus test.

Many patients reject anal swab testing, but anal swabs can improve the accuracy of testing for new coronavirus infections to a certain extent. Some patients indeed have negative throat swabs, but positive ones are detected by anal swabs. In some patients, the anal swab test was still positive after the other two tests turned negative.

Anal swab

Why do multiple nucleic acid tests need to be performed?

Multiple nucleic acid tests are necessary for epidemic prevention and control.
A negative nucleic acid test does not mean that the tested person is not at risk of infection. Any detection method has the possibility of errors, especially in high-risk areas. To ensure the accuracy of the inspection results and better prevent and control the spread of the epidemic, multiple rounds of inspections must be carried out. There are also the following reasons for taking multiple rounds of detection:

After virus infection, the human body has a certain value-added period. When testing, if the virus in the body does not reach a certain concentration, we may not detect the virus.

When the specimen was collected, due to the different sampling methods, no virus cells were collected. False-negative specimens can also lead to inaccurate collection results.

Errors in the transportation process and storage of samples for inspection will also affect the results of nucleic acid testing.

Therefore, for risk areas and special populations, multiple rounds of nucleic acid testing must be carried out to more accurately and effectively detect the virus source, so as to better and more accurately prevent and control and identify infected people, and cut off the source of the virus. No matter what kind of inspection process, attention must be paid.